法律英语|英文法律词典 C-57

TO COMMIT. To send a person to prison by virtue^{1 of a warrant or other lawful2 writ3, for the commission of a crime, offence or misdemeanor, or for a contempt, or non-payment of a debt.}

COMMITMENT, criminal law, practice. The warrant. or order by which a court or magistrate^{4 directs a ministerial officer to take a person to prison. The commitment is either for further hearing, or it is final.}

2. The formal requisites^{5 of the commitment are, 1st. that it be in writing, under hand, and seal, and show the authority of the magistrate, and the time and place of making it. 3 Har. McHen. 113; Charl. 280; 3 Crancb, R. 448; see Harp6. R. 313. In this case it is said a seal is not indispensable.}

3. - 2d. It must be made in the name of the United States, or of the commonwealth^{7, or people, as required by the constitution of the United States or, of the several states.}

4. - 3d. It should be directed to the keeper of the prison, and not generally to carry the party to prison. 2 Str. 934; 1 Ld. Raym. 424.

5. - 4th. The prisoner should be described by his name and surname, or the name he gives as his.

6. - 5th. The commitment ought to state that the party has been charged on oath. 3 Cranch, R.448. But see 2 Virg. Cas. 504; 2 Bail^{8. R. 290.}

7. - 6th. The particular crime charged against the prisoner should be mentioned with convenient certainty. 3 Cranch, R. 449; 11 St. Tr. 304. 318; Hawk^{9. B. 2, c. 16, s. 16 Chit. Cr. Law, 110.}

8. - 7th. The commitment should point out the place of imprisonment^{10, and not merely direct that the party be taken to prison. 2 Str. 934; 1 Ld. Ray. 424.}

9. - 8th. In a final commitment, the command to the keeper of the prison should be to keep the prisoner until he shall be discharged by due course of law, when the offence is not bailable^{11; when it is bailable the gaoler should be, directed to keep the prisoner in his said custody12 for want of sureties, or until he shall be discharged by due course of law. When the commitment is not final, it is usual to commit the prisoner for further hearing. The commitment is also called a mittimus.}

10. The act of sending a person to prison charged with the commission of a crime by virtue of such a warrant is also called a commitment. Vide, generally, 4 Vin. Ab. 576; Bac. Ab. h. t.; 4 Cranch, R. 129; 4 Dall. R. 412; 1 Ashm. R. 248; 1 Cowen, R. 144; 3 Conn. R. 502; Wright, R. 691; 2 Virg. Cas. 276; Hardin, R. 249; 4 Mass. R. 497; 14 John. R. 371 2 Virg. Cas. 594; 1 Tyler, R. 444; U. S. Dig. h. t.